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Lorch "Triumph" Watchmaker's Lathe

Lorch Triumph Page 2

Lorch Home Page     Lorch Schmidt
Lorch Watchmakers' Lathes

More information about Lorch Lathes is contained in various Manuals,
Parts Lists and well-illustrated Sales & Technical Specification
Brochures and can be purchased on-line here

A notable milestone in the evolution of the watchmaker's lathe, the Lorch Triumph probably did more than any other to popularise the 'Geneva' type, with its light build but highly practical, easy-to use design. First seen in the Company's 1890 catalogue, it is believed to have reached production slightly earlier (Lorch was founded in 1885) with Triumph being the maker's own model designation, not that used by the UK importer of Lorch watchmaker lathes - the last being Henri Picard Frére, of London, who sold the machines until 1970 when Lorch ceased production. (agents for the larger Lorch lathes at the time was Adam Machine Equipment Ltd. of  Luton Road, Harpenden).
Available for many years with a choice of a standard (No. 19) or a distinctive swivelling headstock (No. 19b) with overhung spindle pulley, it was to continue in production (alongside a wide variety of other watchmakers' lathes) for seven decades, eventually being discontinued in the early 1950s. Although there was always the problem of getting the swivelling headstock back to centre (the similarly-equipped American Clement WW-type lathe used a location pin) it did also have the considerable advantage of helping with taper turning and wheel-cutting operations. The outboard pulley arrangement was interesting for, instead of combining this with a (cheap and easily manufactured) box-form headstock, Lorch instead used an open design, just like the ordinary unit. The position of the pulley appears to have been dictated simply by the need to make access to the clamping bolt possible and to simplify the attachment of the belt when powered by a "clamp-to-bench" handwheel drive system. It would be the 1940s, and the Pultra 1750 and 1770, before a miniature precision lathe employed an overhung pulley in combination with a boxed-in headstock. After the Great war (1914-18) the
Triumph name was dropped as was, after WW2, the option of the swivel headstock - the lathe by then being entirely conventional in appearance. Conspicuously popular on the Continent and in the UK, the 12th edition (1920) of Britten's monumental Watch and Clockmaker's Handbook Dictionary and Guide illustrates a late 1890s version (the plate taken from a Lorch catalogue).  Britten's favourable description read:
This is an excellent form of watchmaker's lathe that has very rapidly come into favour.  The bar is a turned one with a key bed running along one side to keep the heads in position.  The latest pattern…has a revolving headstock that can be adjusted to any angle required for a special purpose.  It will be observed that the pulleys are outside so that the cord can at once be connected with hand or foot wheel without the trouble of unfastening it.  A good slide rest…, mandrel head and accessories for drilling and polishing accompany it.  When required the lathe heads can be removed and the tool converted into a turns.
Donald de Carle, the eminent British watchmaker and writer on horological matters, used a Triumph from the early 1930s until the late 1940s. A splendid line drawing of the type, complete with a Swiss topping (rounding up) attachment, was included in his Practical Watch Repairing (1948) - still a standard text used in horological colleges.
Continued below:

An early classic 6 mm Triumph complete in fitted maker's case with turning and pivoting accessories. Note how the lathe is arranged with the headstock to the right - a position favoured by some European continental workers

Continued:
With a centre height of 40 mm, bed lengths of 200, 250, and 300 mm were available. 20 mm in diameter, the bed had a flat machined on the back - that is, viewing the lathe from its usual headstock-to-the-left vantage point, rather than on the top, as by G. Boley's and other makers. Originally of 6 mm collet capacity, the lathe soon became available with a choice of 6 or 8 mm collets, the latter being far the more practical with their use instantly recognisable by the use of a more robust spindle. A word of warning: one must differentiate between Lorch 8 mm and Boley 6.5 mm collets; outwardly, the Lorch appear to fit the Boley spindle and drawbar, but the combination is grossly inaccurate. 

As illustrated in the 1890 catalogue, the first pattern of outboard-pulley headstock (a rather stubby and apparently crude affair) did not swivel and had a spindle running in hardened plain parallel steel bearings lapped to a close-tolerance fit. Going against common practice - the use of double-cone tapered hard-steel or bronze bearings - the Triumph's were so well made that even today, after decades of uses, this type often shows no signs of wear. However, bowing to commercial pressure, Lorch did fit the later swivel headstocks with cone bearings, though the parallel type remained available on request. Triumph lathes could be bench mounted, using a traditional cast-iron foot, or attached to a self-contained handwheel-drive apparatus - the Swiss in particularly being apt to clamp the whole unit, when needed, to a worktable or, if very conservative, to do their turning whilst standing at a high, narrow bench adjacent to a window. 
Continued below:

Early, non-swivel headstock model with overhung headstock pulley

Continued:
Distinguishable from later versions by the lack of a T-slot in the top slide, early compound slides were fitted with feed-screws with a right-hand thread - "cack-handed" in common parlance. Turning the handle to the right did not advance the slide, but retracted it. Whilst handy for those continental users who preferred to use the lathe with its headstock to the right, it often result in ruined jobs for workers moving from one make of machine to another during the course of a day. Sensibly, later slide-rests were offered with a choice of left or right threads - and all were fitted with "balanced" handwheels and zeroing micrometer dials. The top slide could be angled for taper turning with a degree scale set well away from the edge and the usual long Lorch pointer to improve the setting accuracy. The toolpost took 5 mm square or round tools. 
Typical of many early watchmaker's lathes, the Triumph has now been reduced to appearing in flea markets and car-boot sales - though one seller of these items has noticed a resurgence of interest in the type with increasing prices. However, many examples (some very old) continue to be used by amateur and professional watchmakers with the well-used specimen shown in colour on this page still sufficiently accurate (except for a once corroded and now worn tailstock barrel) to be used for the manufacture of small components for scale-model locomotives. Happily, many Triumphs have been properly cared for and, if obtained as a complete boxed set and long stored in a dry attic, represent an excellent buy for those prepared to make items of tooling such as cement brasses and fitting for the special taper in the tailstock. Whilst accessories and parts are not as commonly available - as for G.Boley lathes - it is still possible to build up (via internet auctions) a handsome and useful set by purchasing two or three examples - the total expense being but a tiny fraction of the amount asked for the only really high-quality watchmaker's lathe still in production today, the Bergeon. Today, a professional builder of hand-made watches (and seeking a new, well-equipped lathe) would still have to spend proportionality as much as his predecessor in the 1920s or 1930s, when a complete watchmaker's lathe outfit cost ten to twenty times the average weekly industrial wage.
A fine and very rare "wall cabinet complete kit" is shown here

Lorch Triumph fitted with the Company's special and very ingenious Dividing Head

1929 Lorch Triumph with the No. 1 Handwheel drive system.  Lorch offered several handwheels (including one with an integral vice) and two basic models of foot-motor.  The ease with which the (continuous) handwheel belt could be removed - and the unit dismantled for storage - engaged ensured the long survival of the overhung headstock pulley version.

Lorch Triumph stamp on a slide-rest circa 1905

Original Lorch Triumph boxed set

The Triumph box changed slightly  over the years - though the chronology of alterations is unknown. However, it is likely that the box above is a later version and the one below earlier

Label as found in the lid of the Lorch Triumph storage box

Lorch Triumph 6 mm swiveling headstock from the late 1890s.  Note the plain, parallel-bore spindle bearings. This example is missing its spring lever to engage with the circle of indexing holes in front flange of the largest pulley.

Very early Triumph compound slide-rest instantly recognizable by the absence of a T-slot in the top slide.  Tool height was adjusted by rocking the tool holder on a spherical washer - a handy and quick arrangement, but one that prevented users from mounting their own attachments

Early Triumph slide rest with its long and typical Lorch pointer to set the top-slide angle

A 19b "Rechts" or right hand headstock from a Lorch Catalogue ca. 1898.  This is the same engraving used in earlier catalogues and that put out in 1899 by the well-known German distributor Georg Jacob of Leipzig).

No. 19 (conventional) and 19b (Triumph outboard pulley) headstocks.
"Spindelstock" = headstock, "rechts" = right, "links" = left.  1908 Lorch catalogue.

The two headstock types as shown in the 1918 Lorch catalogue. As was common with Lorch accessories, different versions of the same name were used. In this case the upper is marked L.S.& Co. and the lower F.Lorch

Headstocks No. 19b and 19 shown near the end of their evolutions.  Cone bearings and choice of 6 or 8 mm (8 mm shown).  From the 1937 catalogue of German distributor Flume.

Final Post-WW2 version of the Lorch Geneva type fitted with a compound slide rest.  The overhung pulley heads had vanished in favour of as conventional between-the-bearings type. From the 15 November 1956 Lorch Prospectus.

Slide-rest (Kreutzsupport Nr. 28)  showing a later pattern lantern toolpost in a T-slot.  Note that the base of the unit completely surrounds the lathe bed.  Unlike the G. Boley rest,  it cannot be removed without sliding off the tailstock.

Lever-feed tailstock. - this gave  a light, sensitive action ideally suited to wristwatch pivoting jobs

Lorch Triumph with a wheel-cutting attachment. An arrangement made easier by the swivel headstock

Lorch Triumph with a Lorch patent topping attachment.  Lorch also offered another patented Swiss type of similar appearance that used the base of the hand T-rest as its mounting.

Lorch Triumph Page 2

Lorch Home Page     Lorch Schmidt
Lorch Watchmakers' Lathes

email: tony@lathes.co.uk
Home   Machine Tool Archive   Machine-tools Sale & Wanted
Machine Tool Manuals   Catalogues   Belts   Books   Accessories

Lorch "Triumph" Watchmaker's Lathe

More information about Lorch Lathes is contained in various Manuals,
Parts Lists and well-illustrated Sales & Technical Specification
Brochures and can be purchased on-line here