Stark Wheel & Pinion Cutter. 3 inches between centres and able to cut pinions and wheels up to four inches in diameter.

Stark Combined Universal Milling Machine and Wheel and Pinion Cutter. This very expensive and beautiful machine - $425 in the late 1800s - was designed for "all kinds of light Milling, Wheel and Pinion Cutting".  Very few details have survived - the vertical table travel was six inches, the in-and-out movement three inches and the weight 250 lbs. Should any of these machines have survived, their present owners are invited to contact the author. Stark milling machines can be seen on these pages.

The "Damaskeening" - or "damascene" - machine was an ingenious and beautifully made device used to produce an ornamental finish on the small, flat metal parts of a watch.
A rotating cutting tool was held vertically in a holder capable of being adjusted through minute increments in the vertical plane, as well as sideways on a slideway. The workpiece was fastened to a small rotary table which itself was mounted on a compound slide; both the rotary table and the slides were driven under power through a complex system of interchangeable gearing and cams so that the resulting movement under the cutter would produce a pattern not dissimilar to that obtained by an ornamental turning lathe - or a modern plastic "Spirograph" drawing outfit.
In the late years of the 19th century the  Stark "Damaskeening" machine cost as much as their combined Universal Milling Machine and Wheel & pinion Cutter - $400.

Stark Automatic Staff Lathe. This was used for turning staffs and pinions for clocks and watches - or other precision mechanical instruments. In the latter part of the 1800s these machines cost the then enormous sum of $300.