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Stark Watchmakers' No.1 Lathe

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Judging by the infrequency with which they are found, the tiny and rare Stark No. 1 watchmakers' lathe - with its 83/8" long by just under 1-inch wide bed - must have been a very slow seller. Even so, it appears to have been available with a decent range of accessories including, with the example below, swing-type* and half-open** tailstocks, a fixed steady, a collet-mounted tailstock chuck stamped "W.Meriden Tool Co. 1864" and a large set of collets. Of the usual distinctive Stark type, the collets are marked with the letters PSE, a brand previously unknown to the writer. Somewhat unusually, the very smallest collets were formed with a claw-like extension at the front - might this be a feature unique to those by PSE?
As pioneers in the business of supplying watchmaker's lathes (and specialized watch-making machinery) Stark can, perhaps, be forgiven for ploughing their own furrow and making most of their lathes incompatible with the established standards of the day - especially the all-conquering WW type. The company also produced many one-off lathes, of a different specification to the ordinary types and fitted with special equipment, yet all based upon standard components and often destined for use in watch-making factories. Not only were Stark accessories not able to be used on other makers' lathes (in comparison to the wide interchangeability of the standard WW type) but the expensive collets were also unique and not transferable either - a factor that must have limited sales to customers with other brands of well-equipped, 8 mm  lathes who would have had to buy entire new stocks from Stark.
*Swing Tailstock or Jewelling Tool: Designed originally for rapidly opening holes in clock plates to receive jewels the unit was developed to enable it to accurately finish bore holes to receive parts that might vary slightly in diameter from piece to piece. The aim of the device was to ensure the highest possible accuracy by holding, between a gauge plate and gauging finger at the top of the unit, the actual jewel (or lens, etc.) that was going to be fitted into the bored hole. If the setting instructions were followed, the bored hole would be precisely the same size as the part held by the gauging device.
**The "half-open" tailstock was a traditional accessory more often found on larger Precision Bench Lathes and was widely used in factories and workshops for the type of semi-mass production process which required only light machining operations.
The top of the casting was open to facilitate rapid changes of spindle, of which a set would be kept by the machine, each equipped with a different tool; the spindles could be pushed by hand or driven by a lever..

*Swing Tailstock or Jewelling Tool: Designed originally for rapidly opening holes in clock plates to receive jewels the unit was developed to enable it to accurately finish bore holes to receive parts that might vary slightly in diameter from piece to piece. The aim of the device was to ensure the highest possible accuracy by holding, between a gauge plate and gauging finger at the top of the unit, the actual jewel (or lens, etc.) that was going to be fitted into the bored hole. If the setting instructions were followed, the bored hole would be precicely the same size as the part held by the gauging device.

**The "half-open" tailstock was a traditional accessory more often found on larger Precision Bench Lathes and was widely used in factories and workshops for the type of semi-mass production process which required only light machining operations. The top of the casting was open to facilitate rapid changes of spindle, of which a set would be kept by the machine, each equipped with a different tool; the spindles could be pushed by hand or driven by a lever..

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Stark Watchmakers' No.1 Lathe
email: tony@lathes.co.uk
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