Csepel EMR-140
Precision Bench Lathe
Csepel, a firm based in Hungary, were once well known for their heavy industrial lathes, milling machines and radial arm drills with machines exported to the West in their communist-controlled days branded as "Technoimpex".
Made until the 1970s in the town of Gyönygyös (and unknown outside its native Hungry) the little EMR-140 lathe had a 70 mm centre height and admitted 350 mm between centres. It was of the traditional precision bench type with the expected half-round bed with a flat top and bevelled edges to locate the headstock and other fittings. It was available as a toolmaker's model with compound slide rest and tailstock or as a production machine with a 6-station capstan head and cut-off slide..
Running in plain bronze bearings the No. 1 Morse taper spindle had a bore of 13 mm with drive by V-belt to a 4-step pulley.
Andras Szolnoky (Budapest, Hungary) - who has restored two of these lathes - has kindly added the following information:
History
The origin of the lathe is going back probably to the years before WW2, because an identical lathe was sold by the company "Kemény és Szabó".
The communist party in 1946 started a "nationalisation" program in Hungary, with small enterprises like "Kemény és Szabó" taken over including machines / buildings / plans / tools, etc. by the government (nationalized), and usually the old owners were just kicked out. Sometimes it is hard to follow in Hungary, who produced what during the communist times, because of the occupation and reorganisations of private companies to state-owned ones.
The lathe after the WW2 was produced by Csepel factory (one of the biggest industrial conglomerate in the south of Budapest, Csepel Island).
"Köszer" (Központi Szerszámgyár = Central Tooling Factory, Budapest) produced the machines till the mid-60's.
Due to some rationalisation of the state companies and products, the small lathe production was taken over in 1966 by "Heves megyei Vas- és Fémipari Vállalat" (Iron- and Metallworks of Heves County, Gyöngyös, Hungary), where they faced difficulties with the production, because the company's profile was iron casting for machine parts. The last news about the lathe comes from may, in 1974 with the factory director explaining the reasons for stopping due to a lack or orders, these being some 20-30 units per year instead of peak demand at 100 to 200.
Technical Specifications
The lathe was originally driven by a Hungarian motor made by VKM (Villamos KisMotorgyár = Electric small motor factory, Budapest, Hungary) or IMI (Ipari Muszergyár Iklad = Industrial Instrument Factory, Iklad, Hungary). This was a 380V 30phase 350w 1390 r.p.m. unit with the two motors being identical save for their badges because of different production locations. The lathe originally mounted on a plywood board L83 x W33 x H35 cm, the motor was on a piece of plywood L38 x W28 x H32 cm.
The original color of the lathe was shiny light or darker gray with blueish tone, with some of the gaps in, for example, the tool holder area. To cover the sometimes disastrous quality of the sand castings a very thick layer of putty filler was used.
The serial numbers of my machines are 279 and 603, both made by "Köszer".
The parts not in cast iron have a "home made" look, with even the 3-jaw chucks not bought in but made in-house (the chucks were supplied with 2 sets of serial numbered jaws) - it also appears that almost everything else was also made in-house. Bigger machine parts, the chucks and the wood bases are numbered. Unpainted parts were not galvanized or plated but just probably just high polished and light oiled. However, a few of the small parts were gun-blued, but it is not typical.
The lathe was offered in two versions, one a traditional "clockmaker" type for one-off jobs and the other fitted with a capstan head for production work - with, of course. the parts interchangeable from one to the other. A further attachment was a lever-action cut-off (forming slide). Collet chuck set was also available, this being by KART, a big producer of lathes in Hungary. The collet diameter was 13 mm in sizes are from 2 to 8 mm in 0.5 mm steps. The set was stored in a round holder in a hard wood.
One of my machines is assembled with a Jacobs USA drill chuck SM4G61 and a German Koch 3-jaw DF55 clockmaker's lathe chuck, but I can not imagine they these high-quality items were standard behind the iron curtain...
I attached Hungarian newspaper articles about the last factory in Gyöngyös, and a memoirs of the old workers of the electric motor companies. On the pictures my machines are Green RAL6011, which is not the original color, but I like them on this way. The rest of the pictures are showing some other machines found for sale in Hungary, mostly with home made changes, just to keep them alive in harsh conditions.
I am grateful for your page on these lathes and happy to get any additional information or correction about these lovely small machines.
Best regards from Andras Szolnoky (Budapest, Hungary)